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考研真题杭州师范大学综合英语2015
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 5 words)
saying hello to each other / greeting each other / saying hello
此题为判断题(对，错)。
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________
No family dinner can benefit./Family dinner may not benefit.
Directions：Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. （10 points）
January 20th, 2007
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student in the university and a loyal reader of this library. I’m writing to tell some of my ideas, which I hope to be helpful for you.
I notice that many magazines in our library are out of date. It would be beneficial to us students if they could be updated in time. And I suggest introducing some new journals so as to bring new fresh air to the library. Furthermore, since we have a huge number of books, it is not easy to find the right one easily. However, if we can introduce some new searching means, such as implementing new information management system that would be useful.
Thank you for taking time reading this letter and I’m looking forward to seeing some new changes soon.
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
The critical age for language acquisition refers to the qualitative difference in language acquisition before and after the age around fifteen.()
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸PAGE 2015 年 考试科目代码718 考试科目名称 综合英语 （本考试科目共 NUMPAGES 12页，第 PAGE 12 页）杭 州 师 范 大 学 2015 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题 考试科目代码： 718 考试科目名称： 综合英语 说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。I. Cloze（每小题1分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given). Every aspect of language is extremely complex. Yet very young (1) c_ before the age of fivealready (2) k_ most of the intricate system we have been calling the grammar of a (3) l_. Before they can add 2+2, children are conjoining sentences, asking (4) q_, using appropriate pronouns, negating sentences, forming relative clauses, and using the syntactic, phonological, morphological, and semantic (5) r_ of the grammar.A normal human being can go (6) t_ life without learning to read or (7) w_. Millions of people in the world today do. These same people (8) s_ and understand a language, and they can (9) d_ ideas as complex and abstract (10) a_ literate speakers can. Learning to speak and understand a language, and (11) l_ to read and write, are different. Similarly, millions (12) h_ never learn algebra or chemistry or how to (13) u_ a computer. They must be taught these skills or systems, but they do not have to be (14) t_ to walk or to talk. If fact, “We are designed to walk. That we are taught to walk is impossible. And pretty much the (15) s_ is true of language. (16) N_ is taught language. In fact you cant prevent the child (17) f_ learning it.”The (18) s_ of the grammars of human languages has revealed a great deal (19) a_ language acquisition, about what a child does and does not do when learning a language. First, it is obvious that children do not (20) l_ a language (21) b_ storing all the words and all the (22) s_ in some giant mental dictionary. The list of (23) w_ is finite, but no dictionary can hold all the sentences, which are (24) i_ in number. Rather, they learn to construct and understand sentences, most of which they have never produced or (25) h_ before.Children must therefore (26) c_ the rules that permit them to use their language creatively. No one teaches (27) t_ these rules. Their parents are no (28) m_ aware of the phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic rules that are the children. Children seem to (29) act l_ efficient linguists equipped with a perfect theory of language, and they use this (30) t_ to construct the grammar of the language they hear.II. Reading Comprehension (每小题2分，共60分)Directions: There are 6 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter o、n the answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Pop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty. Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colo、rfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive airplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and going
此题为判断题(对，错)。
How can we effectively prevent suicide among young people.First of all, death is not a day or two can be formed, so for parents, should be nurtured from an early age children open-minded character, to learn to face difficulties and setbacks, to let the child realize that difficulties and setbacks are not terrible, as long as we deal with it can be solved.Secondly, parents and social groups should respect children's self-esteem and self-confidence, let children participate in some public welfare activities, in the public welfare activities to feel love and happiness in life, learn to get along well with others, be kind to others.Finally, for some young people to prevent the role of the work unit is very big, each work unit should set up a youth psychological counseling center, actively carry out some public welfare, recreational activities, to promote the psychological development of young workers.
Part B
52. Directions:
Suppose your name is Wudong, write a letter to your local English-language newspaper giving your views on a discussion inspired by an article they published entitled "Why do We Need English?"
Your letter must be written in at least 200 words, excluding the addresses, etc. You should write dearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.
[考题分析]这是一篇书信作文。对于书信作文，首先要注意它的特定格式，正文右上方注明写信人的地址、日期，称呼上面在需要时还要写出收信人的职位，地址等。正文后别忘了问候语，最后是署名。正文的写作与其它文体差不多。对于本文来说，先要表明自己写信的目的，是要对出版社的文章进行回应，然后当然要有条理地列出自己的观点，并给出理由，最后则是照应开头，作结尾。
[参考范文]
No. 23, Donghu Road
Wuchang District,
Wuhan, Hubei, 430000
Feb. 20, 2003
Dear Sir:
I am very interested in the discussion inspired by the article "Why do We Need English?" published in the Local English Daily of 20th Jan, 2003.
The one aspect of the English language that most of your correspondents seem to be unaware of its wide spread use as the international language of diplomacy, commerce and technology. It is the language of the United Nations and its agencies as well as of many other international bodies. We would be foolish to confine in our vision to our national borders only. We are still, after all, dependent on other countries for technical and industrial assistance. How can we hope to be economically and technologically independent if we are not able to communicate in these areas outside our own country?
English must be taught in all our schools, not only for the above reasons but also so that our students can go abroad to learn the techniques our nation so urgently needs. We also need representatives who can command respect at the international conference tables of the world. And if English is the common language of communications for world diplomacy, economics and defence, then let us be as fluent and proficient in it as possible, for the sake of our own country's advancement and prestige.
Best wishes.
Your sincerely,
Wudong
Directions: In each of the following groups of words,there arc four underlined letters or letter combinations
marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in
pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
1.
A. trail
B. certain
C. again
D. faint
第一篇
Why Don ' t Babies Talk Like Adults?
Over the past half-century,scientists have settled on two reasonable theories related to babytalk.One
states that a young child's brain needs time to master language,in the same way that it does to master other
abilities such as physical movement. The second theory states that a child's vocabulary level is the key fac-
tor. According to this theory,some key steps have to occur in a logical sequence before sentence formation
occurs.Children's mathematical knowledge develops in the same way.
In 2007,researchers at Harvard University,who were studying the two theories,found a clever way to
test them.More than 20,000 internationally adopted children enter the U.S.each year. Many of them no lon-
ger hear their birth language after they arrive,and they must learn English more or less the same way infants
do一that is,by listening and by trial and error. International adoptees don't take classes or use a dictionary
when they are learning their new tongue and most of them don't have a well-developed first language.All of
these factors make them an ideal population in which to test these competing hypotheses about how language
is learned.
Neuroscientists Jesse Snedeker,Joy Geren and Carissa Shafto studied the language development of 27
children adopted from China between the ages of two and five years.These children began learning English
at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains with which to tackle the task.Even so,just as
with American-born infants,their first English sentences consisted of single words and were largely bereft（缺
乏的）of function words , word endings and verbs. The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical
American-born children,though at a faster clip.The adoptees and native children started combining words in
sentences when their vocabulary reached the same sizes,further suggesting that what matters is not how old
you are or how mature your brain is,but the number of words you know.
This finding一that having more mature brains did not help the adoptees avoid the toddler-talk stage一
suggests that babies speak in babytalk not because they have baby brains,but because they have only just
started learning and need time to gain enough vocabulary to be able to expand their conversations.Before
long,the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on. Learning how to chat like an adult is
a gradual process.
But this potential answer also raises an even older and more difficult question.Adult immigrants who
learn a second language rarely achieve the same proficiency in a foreign language as the average child raised
as a native speaker. Researchers have long suspected there is a"critical period"for language development,
after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency.Yet we still do not understand this critical period or
know why it ends.
A:The rate at which they acquired language.
B:Their first words.
C:The way they learnt English.
D:The point at which they started producing sentences.
由文章第三段第二句话可知这些儿童开始学习英语时要比美国本土学说话的孩子年龄大。
由文章第三段后半部分可知，与美国本土唯呀学语的儿童相比，被收养的中国儿童的 语言发展在其最初开口所说的单词，学习语言的方法和开始造句的阶段都相同。由该段倒数 第二句话“The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American-born children, though at a faster clip.”该句中at a faster clip意思是“以更快的速度”。由此可知他们学习语言 的速度比本土的孩子快。故选A。
文章第四段讲述了哈佛大学研究人员的实验结果表明儿童说话时只能使用儿童话语 是因为他们需要时间来获得更多的词汇从而扩展对话形式。而从儿童话语过渡到成人话语形 式是一个渐进的过程。从最后两句话“Before long , the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on.Learning how to chat like an adult is a gradual process.”可以看出选C。
由文章最后一段倒数第二句话“Researchers have long suspected there is a ' critical period ' for language development , after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency.”可知 研究者猜想在人的语言发展过程中有一“关键期”，过了这一“关键期”，人的语言发展就不可 能达到流利的程度。故选C。